Criminal Law in Cyprus

Criminal law in Cyprus deals with offences against public order and individual safety, and the procedures for investigating and prosecuting them. The system is based on common law principles, including the right to a fair trial and the presumption of innocence until proven guilty.

Main Legislation

Cyprus criminal law is primarily governed by two pieces of legislation. The Criminal Code (Cap. 154) sets out the offences themselves and their punishments — from theft and fraud to assault and more serious crimes. The Criminal Procedure Law (Cap. 155) sets out the rules for how cases are investigated, arrests are made, and trials are conducted.

Court Structure

Criminal cases in Cyprus are heard at three levels:

• District Courts — handle offences punishable by up to 5 years imprisonment (the majority of cases)
• Assize Courts — handle more serious offences punishable by over 5 years imprisonment, located in Nicosia, Limassol, Larnaca, and Paphos
• Supreme Court — hears appeals and its decisions are binding on all lower courts

Key Principles

• A person is presumed innocent until proven guilty
• The burden of proof rests with the prosecution
• To establish a crime, both a guilty act (actus reus) and a guilty intent (mens rea) must generally be proven
• Children under 10 cannot be held criminally responsible
• Rights of the accused are protected by the Cyprus Constitution and the European Convention on Human Rights

Common Areas of Criminal Law We Handle

• Theft, fraud, and financial crimes
• Assault and offences against the person
• Drug-related offences
• Cybercrime
• Money laundering
• Traffic and driving offences
• Sexual offences

Why Choose VNN Legal

Facing a criminal investigation or charge can be stressful and time-sensitive. Our team provides clear guidance and strong representation at every stage — from police investigation through to trial and, if necessary, appeal